Referencing Guide: Harvard

The Harvard referencing style used at Stirling follows the Harvard Cite Them Right style used in many universities.

Previously the University used a Stirling version of Harvard.  If you are continuing with an assignment or piece of work that you began while using Harvard Stirling you can continue to do so.  Guidance for Harvard Stirling is available here.

If you are embarking on a new piece of work please use Cite Them Right. 

Find out The Basics of Referencing from Cite Them Right including:

• How to cite and construct references in the Harvard style

• Setting out citations in your own writing

• Secondary referencing (referencing sources quoted in another author’s work)

• Quoting

• Paraphrasing

• Summarising

• Sample text and reference list

• Common questions on referencing
• Referencing Generative AI (including ChatGPT)

In-text citations: use 'et al' for resources with four or more authors.

Bibliography/Reference List: Cite Them Right suggests using 'et al.' in the reference list. However, if preferred or acceptable to your academic department or module, you may give all the names in your reference list. It is important that you are consistent.

By default, EndNote and RefWorks list all names in the reference list.